目的了解湖北省职业人群不同性别慢性病高风险人群的健康危险因素差异,为开展针对性的健康管理及生活方式干预提供依据。方法在湖北省选取2家工作性质相似企业,结合企业体检资料,最终筛选出821名35岁及以上无高血压、糖尿病及血脂异常的慢性病高风险人群作为研究对象,并进行问卷调查,调查包括基本信息、慢性病家族史、常见健康知识知晓率调查、健康信息、吸烟、饮酒、饮食和身体活动情况等。采用SPSS18.0软件进行统计分析,计数资料的比较用χ~2检验,计量资料的比较用t检验。结果调查对象中,男性多数健康知识知晓率低于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),比如体质指数、腰围肥胖标准、食盐每人每天摄入标准知晓率等。男性较多的不良健康行为高于女性,例如吸烟率,每周饮酒率,轿车、电瓶车或摩托车使用率,而乘坐公共交通工具、自行车、步行,采取过措施来减轻体重,主观采取过控油措施,主动减少盐的摄入,接受过低盐饮食的宣传或者教育等健康行为则低于女性,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相应的健康指标方面,男性体重正常所占比例(55.4%)低于女性(73.3%),超重、中心性肥胖率(分别为36.0%、56.6%)高于女性(分别为18.5%、38.4%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论慢性病高风险人群中职业男性的健康危险因素明显多于女性,应关注职业男性的健康风险并开展针对性的干预措施。 Objective To understand the differences of health risk factors among occupational populations in Hubei Province and at different risk of chronic diseases and to provide evidences for targeted health management and life style interventions. Methods A total of 221 enterprises with similar working conditions in Hubei Province were recruited. Based on the medical examination data, 821 high risk population of chronic diseases with no history of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia aged 35 years and older were screened out and investigated. The investigation included Basic information, family history of chronic diseases, common health knowledge awareness survey, health information, smoking, alcohol consumption, diet and physical activity. SPSS18.0 software was used for statistical analysis, count data comparison with χ ~ 2 test, measurement data comparison using t test. Results Among the surveyed subjects, the awareness rate of most men’s health knowledge was lower than that of women’s (P <0.05), such as body mass index, waist-circumference obesity standard and standard salt intake per person per day. Men have more negative health behaviors than women, such as smoking prevalence, drinking rate per week, sedan, battery car or motorcycle usage, while taking public transport, cycling, walking and taking measures to reduce weight, Measures such as voluntary reduction of salt intake, promotion of low-salt diet or health education such as education were lower than those of women, with significant differences (P <0.05). For the corresponding health indicators, the proportion of men with normal body weight (55.4%) was lower than that of women (73.3%) and that of overweight and central obesity was 36.0% and 56.6% respectively (18.5% and 38.4% ), The differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The risk factors of occupational men in high-risk groups with chronic diseases are obviously more than those of women. The health risks of occupational males should be concerned and targeted interventions should be taken.