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目的探讨急性有机磷农药中毒后患者神经精神损害的发生情况及影响因素。方法筛选山东省农药中毒高发区4家县医院观察期内257例急性有机磷农药中毒患者为观察对象,于治愈后2个月进行随访调查。结果发现有机磷诱导的迟发性多发性神经病(OPIDP)患者9例,发病率为3.5%,均发生在口服有机磷农药中毒患者;OPIDP的发生与抢救时是否需要人工呼吸和中毒农药种类有关。患者中毒后周围神经系统症状和体征阳性率、中枢神经系统症状阳性率、各种精神症状阳性率(除幻听幻视外)均高于中毒前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);患者中毒后身体状况、经济状况和工作状况均不如中毒前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论急性有机磷农药中毒后,部分患者可发生迟发性神经系统损害或精神障碍,生命质量和生活质量下降,应引起重视。
Objective To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of neuropsychiatric damage in patients with acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning. Methods A total of 257 patients with acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning in 4 county hospitals in Shandong Province were selected as the observation objects and followed up for 2 months after the cure. The results showed that organic phosphorus-induced delayed polyneuropathy (OPIDP) in 9 patients, the incidence was 3.5% occurred in patients with oral organophosphorus pesticide poisoning; OPIDP occurrence and rescuing the need for artificial respiration and poisoning of pesticide species . The positive rate of peripheral nervous system symptoms and signs, the positive rate of central nervous system symptoms and the positive rate of various psychiatric symptoms (except for hallucinations) were significantly higher than those before poisoning (P <0.05). Patients after poisoning physical status, economic status and working conditions were not as good as before poisoning, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning, some patients may have delayed nervous system damage or mental disorders, quality of life and quality of life decline, should pay attention.