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单质硅(Si)因其具有最高的理论容量(Li_(4.4)Si=4 200mA·h·g~(-1))、低的放电电压、原料丰富等优势,故是非常具有应用前景的一类锂电池负极材料。然而单质硅电极材料在实际的应用过程中仍有许多瓶颈问题急需解决,主要原因是硅在充放电时锂离子的嵌入和脱出过程中造成巨大的体积变化(≈400%),使得电极材料的脱落以及不良的电极-电解液接触,最终导致循环性能差、倍率性能不佳和固体电解液界面的不稳
Elemental silicon (Si) has the highest theoretical capacity (Li 4 (4.4) Si = 4 200mA · h · g -1), low discharge voltage and abundant raw materials Lithium battery anode material. However, there are still many bottlenecks to be solved in the practical applications of the single-layer silicon electrode material, mainly due to the tremendous volume change (≈400%) of silicon during the insertion and extraction of lithium ions during charging and discharging, so that the electrode material Shedding, and poor electrode-electrolyte contact, eventually leading to poor cycling performance, poor rate performance, and instability at the solid electrolyte interface