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[目的] 观察不同麻醉方式对机械通气下支气管肺泡灌洗术(BAL)患者生理生化指标的影响.[方法] 本院重症监护室(ICU)机械通气下行BAL的80例患者,随机分为两组,每组各40例,对照组给予利多卡因表面麻醉,观察组给予利多卡因表面麻醉+芬太尼麻醉.比较两组患者给药及手术后相关指标的变化差异.[结果] 两组患者在麻醉开始时、10 min、20 min、30 min和结束时体温、心率和平均动脉压相比较差异均无显著性(P>0.05);术前两组血气指标比较差异无显著性(P>0.05),术后对照组患者的pH、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)、氧分压(PaO2)和血氧饱和度(SaO2)均明显降低(P0.05).After operation, the PH , PaCO2, PaO2 and SaO2 in the control group were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the blood gas indexes in the observation group were higher than those in the control group after operation (P0.05).After operation, Hb, PLT,HCT, ALT and AST in the two groups were decreased, and the above indexes in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).[Conclusion]Compared with the lidocaine surface anesthesia alone, lidocaine plus fentanyl can better maintain the vital signs, the blood gas indexes and biochemical indexes in the patients undergoing BAL under mechanical ventilation.