脑源性神经营养因子(Brain-derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF)主要是在中枢神经系统内合成的小分子量碱性蛋白质,由119个氨基酸组成.研究发现BDNF对神经系统的多种神经元均有效应,在体与离体观察证明,它可维持与促进外周神经嵴和基板来源的多种感觉神经元的发育、生长与分化,对中枢神经系统的基底前脑胆碱能神经元、GABA能神经元、中脑黑质多巴胺能神经元具有营养作用.研究还发现BDNF与神经生长因子(NGF)同属一个基因家族,二者在生物效应上有许多类似之处,但其作用的神经元特异性又有所不同. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is mainly a small molecular weight basic protein synthesized in the central nervous system, composed of 119 amino acids.The study found that BDNF on the nervous system of a variety of neurons are effective In vivo and in vitro studies have shown that it can maintain and promote the peripheral neural crest and substrate derived from a variety of sensory neurons in the development, growth and differentiation of the central nervous system basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, GABAergic nerve Yuan and midbrain substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons have a nutritional role.Studies also found that BDNF and nerve growth factor (NGF) belong to a gene family, both have many similarities in biological effects, but its role in neuron-specific And different.