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Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) has diverse biological functions acting inside cells as a second messenger toregulate cell proliferation and survival, and extracellularly, as a ligand for a group of G protein-coupled receptors(GPCRs) named the endothelial differentiation gene (EDG) family. Five closely related GPCRs of EDG family(EDG1, EDG3, EDG5, EDG6, and EDG8) have recently been identified as high-affinity S1P receptors. Thesereceptors are coupled via Gi, Gq, G12/13, and Rho. The signaling pathways are linked to vascular cell migration,proliferation, apoptosis, intracellular Ca2+ mobilization, and expression of adhesion molecules. The formation of anatherosclerotic lesion occurs through activation of cellular events that include monocyte adhesion to the endothe-lium and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration and proliferation. Thus, S1P signaling may play animportant role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic vascular disease. This review highlights S1P signalling invascular cells and its involvement in the formation of atherosclerotic lesions.
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) has diverse biological functions acting inside cells as a second messenger toregulate cell proliferation and survival, and extracellularly, as a ligand for a group of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) named the endothelial differentiation gene (EDG Five closely related GPCRs of EDG family (EDG1, EDG3, EDG5, EDG6, and EDG8) have recently been identified as high-affinity S1P receptors. These receptors are coupled via Gi, Gq, G12 / 13, and Rho. pathways are linked to vascular cell migration, proliferation, apoptosis, intracellular Ca2 + mobilization, and expression of adhesion molecules. The formation of anatherosclerotic lesion occurs through activation of cellular events that include monocyte adhesion to the endothe- lium and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) Migration and proliferation. Thus, S1P signaling may play animportant role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic vascular disease. This review highlights S1P signaling invascu lar cells and its involvement in the formation of atherosclerotic lesions.