本文对于在劳动条件对工人健康产生有害作用的过程中,机体免疫系统对这些条件的适应性及病理反应发展中所起作用的研究资料进行了综述,并提出劳动卫生与职业病领域内免疫学研究的基本任务(见图)。从工业毒理学中免疫学研究的趋势来看,鉴定工业性的化学过敏原的分类有重要意义,因为考虑到这些物质的特殊作用将有利于制订它们的卫生标准。但是要解决三个问题:(1)“剂量——过敏效应”的规律性和确定过敏作用阈(Lim_(al))的原则;(2)化学物质进入机体的途径在发生职业性过敏性疾病中的作用;(3)过敏作用和物质化学结构的关系。对许多化学物质来说,过敏效应和经皮进入的物质剂量有直 This article summarizes the information that the immune system plays in the adaptation of these conditions and the role of pathological response in the process of working conditions that have a detrimental effect on workers’ health and proposes immunological studies in the field of occupational health and occupational diseases The basic task (see figure). From the perspective of immunological studies in industrial toxicology, the classification of industrial chemical allergens is of great importance because taking into account the particular role of these substances will facilitate the development of their health standards. However, there are three issues to be addressed: (1) the principle of “dose-allergic effect” and the principle of determining the threshold of allergy (Lim_ (al)); (2) the pathways through which chemicals enter the body in the event of occupational allergic disease In the role; (3) the relationship between allergies and chemical structure of matter. For many chemicals, allergic effects and transdermal penetration of the substance have a direct dose