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药物洗脱支架自2002年在欧洲面世以来极大地改变了心血管介入术,与裸支架单一的机械支撑作用相比,药物洗脱支架在病灶处释放的药物能显著地降低再狭窄率。支架表面涂层作为一种重要药物靶向输送载体,能够最大程度地降低药物对系统的毒副作用,同时在药物的控制释放方面发挥重要的调节作用。涂层材料和制备技术不仅影响支架表面的生物相容性和支架植入过程的表面完整性,也决定了药物的输送传递方式和释放速率。本文介绍了血管载药支架作为临床治疗器械类产品的结构、技术、应用现状及具体面临的问题,在此基础上,分析提炼了相关涂层设计原则,阐述了近年来涂层材料和覆膜技术的研究进展,并展望了该领域的发展前景。
Drug-eluting stents have dramatically changed cardiovascular intervention since their introduction in Europe in 2002, and drugs released by the drug-eluting stent at the lesion can significantly reduce the rate of restenosis compared to a single mechanical brace of a bare stent. Scaffold surface coating is an important drug targeting delivery carrier, which can minimize the side effects of drugs on the system and play an important regulatory role in the controlled release of drugs. The coating materials and preparation techniques not only affect the biocompatibility of the stent surface and the surface integrity of the stent implantation process, but also determine the delivery and delivery rate of the drug. This article introduces the structure, technology, application status and specific problems faced by vascular stent as a clinical therapeutic device. Based on this analysis, the principle of the design of the related coating is analyzed and summarized. In recent years, the coating materials and the coating Technology research progress and prospects for the development of the field.