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为降低小客车追尾“钻撞”载货汽车严重交通事故的发生率,需要改进我国汽车和挂车后下部防护装置标准。基于我国小客车追尾载货汽车的事故案例分析和文献研究方法,对中美2国汽车后下部防护装置的标准进行对比分析。结果发现,我国汽车和挂车后下部防护装置标准在尺寸参数、统一认证和移动壁障碰撞试验等方面存在问题。提出增加有关车辆出厂安装和车辆改装、维护后下部防护装置的规定,改进安装空间位置,改进横向构件的截面高度等建议。
In order to reduce the incidence of serious rear-end collision accidents of small passenger cars and trucks, it is necessary to improve the standards of lower rear protective devices for cars and trailers in our country. Based on the accident case analysis and literature research methods of the passenger car rear-loading in our country, the contrastive analysis of the standards of the rear lower guard of the two countries in China and the United States is carried out. The result shows that there are some problems in the standards of the rear lower guard of the automobile and the trailer in China in terms of size parameter, uniform certification and mobile barrier crash test. Proposed to increase the vehicle factory installation and vehicle modification, maintenance of the provisions of the lower guard, to improve the installation space position, improve the cross-sectional height of the horizontal members and other recommendations.