在西欧以外众多寻求现代化的国家如土耳其、日本、中国当中,俄国应该算是最幸运的了。它幅员广阔,资源丰富,接触欧洲和吸收西方思想最早,历代君主集绝对权力于一身,而且不乏雄才大略和具有速见与坚定意志者,更从头便建立了现代军事力量,保证国土完整甚至不断扩张,政策、举措不受外国干扰。然而,它的历史却是个绝大悖论:彼得和卡德鄰两位大帝一个世纪之久的努力带来十二月党 Among the many modernized countries outside Western Europe such as Turkey, Japan and China, Russia should be the most fortunate. Its vast territory, rich resources, access to Europe and absorb the earliest ideas of the West, the monarchs set absolute power in one, and there is no lack of talent and quick-witted and determined will, but also from scratch to establish a modern military force to ensure the integrity of the land or even expanding Policies, initiatives are free from foreign interference. However, its history is a great paradox: a century-old effort by Peter and Cade next to the Great led to the December Party