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在世界很多地点,肺炎链球菌对青霉素和其它抗菌药物的耐药性正在增加.欧洲的部分地区和美国的少部分地区由于对红霉素耐药频率的增加已限制治疗肺炎时使用大环内酯类抗生素.对复方新诺明、氯霉素和四环素的耐药也成为某些国家的重要问题.最近在西班牙和美国由于对广谱头孢菌素头孢曲松(ceftriaxone)和头孢口噻肟耐药,治疗肺炎球菌性脑膜炎失败.这些事实说明,对此类感染的原来的经验治疗标准可能需要修正.
Streptococcus pneumoniae resistance to penicillin and other antimicrobials is increasing in many parts of the world and some parts of Europe and parts of the United States have limited use of macrocycles in the treatment of pneumonia due to the increased frequency of erythromycin resistance Ester antibiotics. Resistance to cotrimoxazole, chloramphenicol and tetracycline has also become an important issue in some countries. Recently in Spain and the United States, due to the cephalosporins ceftriaxone and cefoperazone Resistance to treatment for pneumococcal meningitis has failed and these facts suggest that the original empirical treatment criteria for such infections may need revision.