“关云长大意失荆州”的典故,作为一个因轻敌而导致失败的反面例子,流传了千百年。但我以为,把关羽的战败仅仅归结为“大意”二字,未免过于简单与草率。仔细推敲起来,荆州的失守还有更重要的原因。首先是关云长没有全局观念。诸葛亮在“隆中对”里曾指出,刘备应该先把荆州和益州拿过来,作为根据地,形成与孙权、曹操三分天下的局面。进而统一中国。可见荆州的战略位置何其重要。所以,后来诸葛亮进川之时,叮嘱在此镇守的关羽一定要“北拒曹操,东和孙权”。然而,关羽的所作所为却与之背道而驰, “Guanyuan out of shape Jingzhou ” story, as a negative example of failure led to the spread of thousands of years. However, I thought it was too simple and sloppy to attribute Guanyu’s defeat simply to the word “effect”. Carefully considered, the fall of Jingzhou there are more important reasons. First, there is no overall concept of Guan Yunchang. Zhuge Liang pointed out in the “Longzhong pair” that Liu Bei should first take Jingzhou and Yizhou as the bases to form a situation one-third with Sun Quan and Cao Cao. Then unified China. Jingzhou strategic location shows how important it is. Therefore, when Zhuge Liangjinchuan later told Guan Yu in this guard must “North Cao Cao, East and Sun Quan ”. However, Guan Yu’s actions are contrary to,