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目的:了解近年来贵阳地区儿童下呼吸道感染常见病毒的流行特征。方法:采用直接免疫荧光法对2006年6月-2011年4月在贵州省人民医院住院的1 396例下呼吸道感染患儿鼻咽分泌物进行呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、腺病毒(ADV)、流感病毒A、B型(IFVA、B)、副流感病毒1、2、3型(PIV1、2、3)共7种病毒抗原检测。结果:1 396例患儿中,345例病毒检测为阳性,阳性率为24.7%,其中RSV感染检出率最高,其次为PIV3和ADV,混合感染3例;1岁以内的婴幼儿病毒检出率最高,冬春季为患儿呼吸道病毒感染的高发季节;支气管肺炎和毛细支气管炎患儿的病毒检出率较高,分别为53.9%和34.2%,均以RSV为主。结论:在7种常见呼吸道病毒中,RSV是引起贵阳地区儿童下呼吸道病毒感染的主要病原体,其次是PIV3和ADV,发病年龄集中在婴幼儿阶段,并以冬春季节高发,RSV是支气管肺炎和毛细支气管炎的主要病原体。
Objective: To understand the prevalence of common lower respiratory tract infection in children in Guiyang in recent years. Methods: Nasopharyngeal secretions of 1 396 children with lower respiratory tract infection hospitalized in Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital from June 2006 to April 2011 were analyzed by direct immunofluorescence for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus (ADV) , Influenza virus A, B (IFVA, B), parainfluenza virus 1, 2 and 3 (PIV1, 2, 3) detected a total of seven kinds of viral antigens. Results: Of the 1 396 children, 345 were positive for the virus, with a positive rate of 24.7%. Among them, the highest detection rate of RSV infection was found, followed by PIV3 and ADV, and 3 were mixed infections. Infants and young children within 1 year of age were detected The highest rate of winter and spring respiratory infections in children with a high incidence of season; bronchial pneumonia and bronchiolitis in children with higher detection rates were 53.9% and 34.2%, all RSV-based. Conclusion: Of the seven common respiratory viruses, RSV is the major causative agent of lower respiratory tract viral infection in children in Guiyang, followed by PIV3 and ADV, and the age of onset is concentrated in infants and young children. RSV is predominant in bronchopneumonia and The main pathogen of bronchiolitis.