1970年Garrett 首次报道使用超声诊断胎儿多囊肾,随后于1975年超声发现一例胎儿阻塞性肾病。随后超声技术的进步不仅表现在对胎儿解剖结构的识别能力,而且扩大了常规检查的范围,即使没有明显的指征,也可进行超声检查,故胎儿畸型的诊断率迅速提高,阳性率约为超声检查的1-2‰,其中20-30%为泌尿 Garrett first reported in 1970, the use of ultrasound in the diagnosis of fetal polycystic kidney disease, followed by ultrasound in 1975 found a case of fetal obstructive nephropathy. Subsequent advances in ultrasound not only in the ability to identify the anatomy of the fetus, but also expand the scope of routine examination, even without obvious indications, but also for ultrasound examination, so the diagnosis of fetal malformations rapidly increased the positive rate of about Ultrasound examination of 1-2 ‰, of which 20-30% for urinary