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本研究目的是观察饮食中添加钙和维生素D对高脂饮食诱发的小鼠乳腺上皮细胞增生的影响。将四周龄小鼠随机分成三组，分别给予对照AIN－76A饲料，高脂低钙低维生素D饲料（试验饲料Ⅰ）和高脂加钙加维生素D饲料（试验饲料Ⅱ）。饲养九周后终止试验，小鼠植入渗透泵灌注溴脱氧尿苷（Brdu）72小时。结果显示试验饲料Ⅰ组的小鼠乳腺终末小导管上皮细胞Brdu标记指数与对照饲料组比较明显升高（P＜0．05）。而试验饲料Ⅱ组的BrdU标记指数与对照组相似（P＞0．05）。本实验研究发现进一步证明，高脂饮食能诱发小鼠乳腺小导管上皮细胞的增生，同时也提示饮食中添加钙和维生素D有助于预防高脂饮食的这种不良作用。
The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of dietary calcium and vitamin D on the hyperplasia of mouse mammary epithelial cells induced by a high-fat diet. Four-week-old mice were randomly divided into three groups to receive control AIN-76A feed, high-fat low-calcium low-vitamin D feed (test feed I) and high-fat calcium plus vitamin D feed (test feed II). After 9 weeks of feeding, the test was stopped and the mice were implanted with an osmotic pump to infuse bromodeoxyuridine (Brdu) for 72 hours. The results showed that the Brdu labeling index of mouse mammary terminal ductal epithelial cells in experimental group I was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The BrdU labeling index of experimental group II was similar to that of the control group (P>0.05). This experimental study further demonstrated that a high-fat diet can induce hyperplasia of mouse mammary ductal epithelial cells. It also suggests that adding calcium and vitamin D to the diet will help prevent this adverse effect of a high-fat diet.