目的：了解乙型病毒性肝炎（ Ｖ Ｈ Ｂ） 患者重叠感染 Ｈ Ｃ Ｖ 的状况及其对 Ｖ Ｈ Ｂ 患者病情、病程及预后的影响。方法：用 Ｅ Ｌ Ｉ Ｓ Ａ 法对３２４ 例急、慢性乙肝患者进行抗 Ｈ Ｃ Ｖ Ｉｇ Ｇ 检测。结果：有８６ ％ （２８３２４） 的乙肝患者重叠感染 Ｈ Ｃ Ｖ，其中 Ａ Ｈ、 Ｃ Ｐ Ｈ、 Ｃ Ａ Ｈ、 Ｈ Ｃ 患者重叠感染 Ｈ Ｃ Ｖ 的感染率分别为４８ ％ （２４２） 、８７ ％ （１４１６１） 、１０８ ％ （９８３） 和９１ ％ （３３３） ，各组间经统计学处理，差异无显著性（ Ｐ＞ ００５） 。结论： Ｖ Ｈ Ｂ 患者可重叠感染 Ｈ Ｃ Ｖ，且与输血或血制品密切相关。两种嗜肝病毒感染同一宿主有协同致病效应，使病情易向慢性化、重症化方向发展。 Objective: To investigate the status of overlap infection of hepatitis C virus (HBV) in patients with viral hepatitis B (V H B) and its effect on the disease, course and prognosis of patients with V H B. Methods: 324 patients with acute and chronic hepatitis B were tested for anti-H C V-Ig G by E L I S A method. Results: Eighty-six percent (28324) of hepatitis B patients had overlapping infection with H C V, among which the prevalence of H C V infection was 48% in patients with A H, C P H, C A H and H C, respectively (242), 8.7% (14161), 108% (983) and 91% (333) respectively. There was no significant difference between groups (P > 0  05). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with V H B may have overlapping H C V infection and are closely related to blood transfusions or blood products. Two kinds of hepadnavirus infection in the same host has a synergistic pathogenic effect, so that the disease tends to be chronic, severe disease development.