本世纪三、四十年代,西方某些资本主义国家为了弥补市场经济的缺陷,开始把经济计划作为政府干预市场经济的一种重要手段,并在实践中取得了一定的成效。与此同时,西方经济学家对计划的性质、特征以及功能等问题也进行了深入的探讨,提出了一些颇有见地的观点。现概述如下: 一、关于计划的性质 一种观点认为,计划与社会制度的性质无关,它只是一种任何社会制度下都可能实行的监督与管理,是一个“中性”的概念。 In the 1930s and 1940s, in order to make up for the defects of the market economy, some western capitalist countries began to take economic planning as an important means for the government to intervene in a market economy and achieved some success in practice. In the meantime, Western economists also conducted in-depth discussions on the nature, characteristics and functions of the plan, and put forward some quite insightful opinions. The outline is as follows: I. About the nature of the plan One view is that the plan has nothing to do with the nature of the social system. It is merely a kind of supervision and management that is possible under any social system and is a “neutral” concept.