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纳米粒子的制备方法很多,可分为物理方法和化学方法。 物理方法 真空冷凝法:用真空蒸发、加热、高频感应等方法使原料气化或形成等粒子体,然后骤冷。其特点纯度高、结晶组织好、粒度可控,但技术设备要求高。 物理粉碎法:通过机械粉碎、电火花爆炸等方法得到纳米粒子。其特点操作简单、成本低,但产品纯度低,颗粒分布不均匀。 机械球磨法:采用球磨方法,控制适当的条件得到纯元素、合金或复合材料的纳米粒子。其特点操作简单、成本低,但产品纯度低,颗粒分布不均匀。
There are many ways to prepare nanoparticles, which can be divided into physical methods and chemical methods. Physical methods Vacuum condensation method: vacuum evaporation, heating, high-frequency induction and other methods to make the material gasification or the formation of such particles, and then quenched. Its characteristics of high purity, good crystal structure, particle size controllable, but technical equipment demanding. Physical crushing method: by mechanical crushing, electric spark explosion and other methods to obtain nanoparticles. Its characteristics of simple operation, low cost, but the product purity is low, the particle distribution is not uniform. Mechanical ball milling method: using ball milling method to control the appropriate conditions to obtain pure elements, alloys or composite nano-particles. Its characteristics of simple operation, low cost, but the product purity is low, the particle distribution is not uniform.