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在营造沙棘种植园时,国内外普遍采用雌雄比例8:1或9:1,即在每两行雌株行之间设置一行雌雄株混合行。这种定植方式并不符合沙棘本身的生物生态学特性,为生产和管理带来了诸多不便,单位面积产果量也会受到很大限制。为了探讨人工沙棘种植园合理的雌雄比例与科学可行的定植方式,本项研究采用载玻片采样的方法,对不同定植方式沙棘园的沙棘花粉接收量与座果率之间的关系作了深入研究。研究发现花粉接收量对座果率有极显著的影响;通过比较分析,确定出沙棘雌雄株最佳搭配比例;提出了采用网格状定植的建园方法,并把雌雄比例由原来的8:1或9:1扩大到18.6:1以下。经与传统的沙棘园定植方式的比较分析,突出了新定植方式的优越性与科学性,以及对生产实践的指导意义。
In the construction of seabuckthorn plantations, the prevalence of male and female ratio of 8: 1 or 9: 1 at home and abroad, that is, between two rows of female lines set a row of male and female lines. This planting method does not meet the seabuckthorn itself biological and ecological characteristics, for the production and management has brought a lot of inconvenience, yield per unit area will be subject to great restrictions. In order to explore the reasonable ratio of male and female artificial seabuckthorn plantations and the scientific and feasible planting methods, this study adopted the method of slide sampling, deeply studied the relationship between the seabuckthorn’s pollen receiving capacity and the fruit set rate in different planting seabuckthorn gardens the study. The results showed that the amount of pollen collected had a very significant effect on the percentage of fruit set. Through the comparative analysis, the optimal ratio of male and female plants was established. The method of establishing garden with grid-like planting was proposed and the ratio of male and female was increased from 8: 1 or 9: 1 expanded to 18.6: 1 or less. Compared with the traditional planting methods of seabuckthorn, the paper highlights the advantages and scientificalness of new planting methods as well as the guiding significance to the production practice.