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砂岩是由骨架颗粒、填隙的碎屑粉砂和粘土、化学胶结物以及相互连结的网状空间或孔隙所组成的。砂岩的孔隙系统使砂岩具有储集和输送流体——地下水、石油、天然气及矿化熔液的能力。这种能力与砂岩中的孔隙发育程度和渗透性有密切的关系。而孔隙发育程度和渗透性受着多方面因素的影响,其中,砂岩的孔隙和喉道中所充填的粘土矿物的成份及数量就是重要的影响因素之一。粘土矿物充填在砂岩孔隙和喉道中,占据了砂岩孔隙和喉道的孔隙空间,起着缩小孔隙度和降低渗透率的作用,对砂岩孔隙的发育和流体的渗
Sandstone is composed of framework particles, interstitial crumb silt and clay, chemical cements, and interconnected reticular spaces or pores. The sandstone pore system gives sandstone the ability to store and transport fluids - groundwater, oil, gas and mineralized melts. This ability is closely related to the degree of pore development and permeability in the sandstone. The extent and permeability of pore development are affected by many factors. Among them, the composition and quantity of clay minerals filled in pores and throats of sandstone are one of the important influencing factors. Clay minerals fill the sandstone pores and throats, occupy the pore space of the sandstone pores and the throat, play a role in reducing the porosity and reducing the permeability of the sandstone pore development and fluid seepage