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从Fisher最早进行的人体暴露感染实验到近期周密细致的重复感染研究,都证明在血吸虫病流行区成人的再感染发生率低于儿童。 免疫流行病学研究表明获得性免疫在血吸虫病流行中有十分重要的作用,但是适当的免疫应答系统的建立可能需要很多年。其作用机制尚不十分明了。近几年可望研制出针对一种或几种抗原的疫苗,这些工作都将建立在一个假设之上,即早期疫苗注射可加速获得性免疫的建立。
Studies from the first human exposure to Fisher’s experiment to the recent elaborate repeated-infection studies have shown that the incidence of re-infection among adults in schistosomiasis-causing areas is lower than in children. Immuno-epidemiological studies have shown that acquired immunity plays a very important role in the epidemic of schistosomiasis, but the establishment of a proper immune response system may take many years. Its mechanism of action is not yet clear. In recent years, it is expected that vaccines against one or more antigens will be developed. All these efforts will be based on the hypothesis that early vaccination may accelerate the establishment of adaptive immunity.