社会性别定型是社会性别语言学的主要研究理论之一,其内容包括“男性气质”和“女性气质”两部分。利用该理论可以解释男性和女性在行为举止和言谈交际中呈现出不同特点的深层原因。结合社会学、心理学原理,文章对社会性别定型的本质、内容、特征进行了简要分析。借助俄语的谚语俗语材料,揭示了俄语语言文化中男性气质和女性气质的不对称特点。 Gender stereotypes are one of the main theories of gender linguistics. Its content includes two parts: “masculinity” and “femininity”. The theory can be used to explain the deep reasons why men and women show different characteristics in behavior and conversation. Combined with sociology and psychology, the article briefly analyzes the nature, content and characteristics of gender stereotypes. With the proverb proverbial Russian material, reveals the Russian language and culture in the masculinity and femininity asymmetric characteristics.