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针对黄土高原沟壑区干旱阳坡这种典型的困难立地进行因地制宜的植被恢复建设。本文选取甘肃西峰、山西吉县、陕西安塞、宁夏固原为研究区,采用25 m分辨率的DEM为数据源,基于GIS提取相关地形信息研究其干旱阳坡的地域分异特征。结果表明:①不同类型沟壑区干旱阳坡面积比例占45%～54%,表现为高塬沟壑区>过渡地带>丘陵沟壑区。②不同类型沟壑区干旱阳坡面积比例随坡度的变化规律不同,高塬沟壑区呈左偏态分布,其他样区均基本呈近似正态分布,且丘五区和过渡地带呈双峰现象。③不同类型沟壑区梁峁坡面积比例关系为:高塬沟壑区>过渡地带>丘陵沟壑区;沟坡面积比例为:丘陵沟壑区>过渡地带>高塬沟壑区;川台地面积比例为:丘五区>过渡地带>丘二区>高塬沟壑。④不同类型沟壑区各立地类型组所占的面积比例各不相同,除高塬沟壑区外基本呈阳向缓坡组>阳向陡险坡组>坡顶或沟底。研究成果可为黄土高原地区开展抗旱造林与植被重建提供理论依据。
In view of the typical drought-prone slopes in the gully area of the Loess Plateau, the construction of vegetation restoration according to the local conditions is carried out. In this paper, Xifeng of Gansu, Jixian of Shanxi, Ansai of Shaanxi and Guyuan of Ningxia were chosen as research areas. Based on GIS, DEM with 25 m resolution was used as data source to extract the relevant terrain information to study the regional differentiation characteristics of arid sunny slopes. The results show that: ①The area of arid sunny slope in different types of gully area accounts for 45% -54%, which is manifested as the gully area> transitional area> hilly and gully area. ② In different types of gully areas, the area ratio of arid sunny slopes varied with slope degree. The gully area of the highland showed a left-skewed distribution. The other areas showed a nearly normal distribution, and the Qiu-Wu area and the transitional area presented a bimodal phenomenon. (3) The ratio of the slope area of different types of gully area is as follows: the highland and gullied gully area> transition zone> hilly and gully area; the area ratio of the gully slope is the hilly and gully area> the transitional zone> the highland gully area; District 5> transition zone> Qiu Er District> highland gully. ④ The area proportions of different types of gully landraces vary from area to area, except that in the gully area outside the highland there is basically a positive gentle slope group> a positive steep slope slope group> the top of a slope or a ditch bottom. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for drought-resistant afforestation and vegetation reconstruction in the Loess Plateau.