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目的:根据手足口病病原学检测结果分析该病流行特征,同时评估从不同部位采集样品的阳性检出率,为手足口病的防控提供科学依据。方法:临床诊断为手足口病例的咽拭子标本,疱疹液标本,粪便标本,采用实时荧光(定量)PCR进行检测,对总肠道病毒阳性的标本,进行EV71和CA16分型,检测结果分组统计分析。结果:在652份监测病例样品中,总肠道病毒阳性样品446份,其中EV71阳性199份,占44.52%;CA16阳性176份,占39.37%;其它型肠道病毒阳性71份,占15.97%。在103份重症病例样品中,总肠道病毒阳性91份,其中EV71阳性77份,占84.62%,CA16阳性3份,占3.29%,其它型肠道病毒阳性10份,占10.10%。结论:湘潭市手足口病流行病原以EV71型和CA16型交替流行;重症病例主要由EV71引起;疱疹液,粪便标本的阳性检出率高于咽拭子。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD according to the etiological test results of hand-foot-mouth disease and to evaluate the positive rate of samples collected from different sites to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods: Throat swab specimen, herpes fluid specimen and stool specimen were clinically diagnosed as hand-foot-mouth disease and detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The EV71 and CA16 genotypes were detected on total enterovirus positive specimens. The test results were grouped Statistical Analysis. RESULTS: Of the 652 surveillance cases, 446 were positive for enterovirus, of which 199 were positive for EV71, accounting for 44.52%; 176 were positive for CA16, accounting for 39.37%; 71 were positive for other enterovirus, accounting for 15.97% . Among 103 severe cases, 91 were EV71 positive, accounting for 84.62%, CA16 positive 3, accounting for 3.29% and other enterovirus positive 10, accounting for 10.10%. Conclusion: The epidemic pathogens of HFMD in Xiangtan City are alternately epidemic with EV71 and CA16. The severe cases are mainly caused by EV71. The positive detection rate of herpes fluid and stool specimens is higher than that of throat swab.