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钻床是我厂的主要产品。主轴是钻床的重要零件,多年来因淬火发生开裂,影响了生产进度,造成了经济损失,被列为厂技术攻关项目。以Z5140型钻末主轴为例(见图)。材料为45钢,毛坯经粗车、调质、精车、打孔后,在尺寸142处局部淬火,出现裂纹。裂纹的位置和方向成规律地出现在退刀楔槽圆弧中部,由内锥孔向外圆方向延伸,即轴径退刀楔槽圆弧,形成截面变化的相切区线上,下面简称为“圆弧淬裂区”。见A-A剖面图所示。造成主轴淬裂的原因比较复杂,是多种因素综合作用的结果。冷却时残余应力过大,是淬裂的主要原因。经过工艺方面的几项改进,在近年来的生产实践
Drilling machine is my factory’s main product. Spindle is an important part of drilling machine, cracking over quenching for many years, affecting the progress of production, resulting in economic losses, was listed as plant technology research projects. Take Z5140 drillshaft as an example (see photo). Material for the 45 steel, rough rough car, quenched and tempered, fine car, after drilling, the size of 142 in the local quenching, cracks. Crack the location and direction of regularly appear in the retraction wedge groove in the middle of the circular hole by the inner tapered bore extends to the outer circle, that is, the retraction of the shaft diameter wedge groove, forming a cross-section of the change tangent area line, hereinafter referred to as For the “arc quenching zone.” See A-A section view. The main reason causing the quenching of the spindle is complicated, which is the result of a combination of many factors. Cooling residual stress is too large, is the main reason for quench cracking. After several improvements in technology, production practices in recent years