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目的对成都市农贸市场零售香辛料中黑曲霉污染状况进行调查,并对黑曲霉菌株的产毒能力进行检测,获取成都市售香辛料中黑曲霉污染率及其产毒能力的资料。方法 2014年3月至9月于成都市五大主城区内农贸市场采集辣椒、花椒、藤椒、胡椒各30份,共120份样品。采用倾注培养法并挑取黑曲霉菌落点种察氏培养基,参照SN/T1035-2011的方法将黑曲霉在产毒培养液中培养7天,使用ELISA试剂盒对产毒液中赭曲霉毒素A浓度进行测定。结果 120份样品中,43份检出黑曲霉,检出率为38.3%,其中胡椒中黑曲霉检出率最低。样品中共分离到63株黑曲霉,其中47株能产生赭曲霉毒素A,产毒率为74.6%,赭曲霉毒素A浓度多在1~20μg/L之间,但有6株黑曲霉的产毒液中赭曲霉毒素A浓度高于60μg/L,最高者达到74.37μg/L,不同种类香辛料样品中黑曲霉产毒能力存在较为明显的差异。结论成都市售香辛料样品中存在黑曲霉污染,且其产毒率较高,提示香辛料受赭曲霉毒素污染风险较高。
Objective To investigate the status of Aspergillus niger in the retail spices in the farmers’ market in Chengdu, and to test the ability of producing Aspergillus niger to produce the Aspergillus niger in Chengdu spice market and its toxicity. Methods From March to September 2014, 30 samples of peppers, pepper, rattan and pepper were collected from farmers markets in the five major urban districts of Chengdu. A total of 120 samples were collected. Aspergillus niger colonies were picked up and cultured in Cesarean culture using Pouring culture method. The Aspergillus niger was cultured in anoxic medium for 7 days according to the method of SN / T1035-2011. The contents of ochratoxin A Concentration was measured. Results Aspergillus niger was detected in 43 out of 120 samples, the detection rate was 38.3%, among which the detection rate of Aspergillus niger in pepper was the lowest. 63 Aspergillus niger strains were isolated, of which 47 strains could produce ochratoxin A with an antivirus rate of 74.6% and an ochratoxin A concentration of 1 ~ 20μg / L, In ochratoxin A concentration higher than 60μg / L, the highest reached 74.37μg / L, different types of spice samples of Aspergillus niger producing ability there is a more significant difference. Conclusion Aspergillus niger was found to be contaminated by Aspergillus sp. In Chengdu, and the high rate of toxin production indicated that the spice was contaminated with ochratoxin at high risk.