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随着高分辨率频域OCT(SD-OCT)技术在临床上的广泛使用,眼科工作者可对黄斑区外层视网膜成像进行更加详细的解读,表现为外层视网膜可分辨的高反射光带从时域OCT(TD-OCT)的3条到现在清晰可辨的4条,从内向外依次是外界膜(ELM)、光感受器细胞内外节(IS/OS)交界面连接带、视锥细胞外节末梢(COST)和视网膜色素上皮(RPE).从对应的视网膜组织学结构上来看,ELM、IS/OS和COST均在光感受器细胞之内,因此,这3条高反射光带的完整直接关系到光感受器细胞的完整性及其功能状态.利用SD-OCT探讨各类视网膜疾病光感受器细胞的状态与功能、损伤与修复特点的临床研究已成为眼科研究领域的热点之一.本文就近年来对ELM、IS/OS和COST这3条高反射光带在黄斑裂孔、特发性视网膜前膜、孔源性视网膜脱离以及年龄相关性黄斑变性等眼底疾病中的临床研究成果进行综述.“,”With the widespread use of high-resolution spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT) in clinical practice,one of the greatest progresses to the ophthalmologists is more dctailed image analyses of outer retina in the macular region.There are four clear hyper-reflective bands of outer retina in the SD-OCT images,instead of three bands in the time-domain OCT (TD-OCT),the bands from inner to external are external limiting membrane (ELM),inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) junction,cone outer segment tips (COST),and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE),respectively.From a perspective of corresponding retinal histological structure,all of the three bands of ELM,(IS/OS) and COST are within the photoreceptor cells.Therefore,the integrity of the three bands correlates well with the status and function of photoreceptor cells.It is one of the hot topics to study the status and function,as well as injury and repair of the photoreceptor cells using SD-OCT.This article reviewed the relevant clinical studies about the three bands of ELM,IS/OS and COST,including macular hole (MH),idiopathic epiretinal membrane (IERM),rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD).