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目的了解贵州省全国疾病监测点居民伤害死亡特点及其变化趋势,为开展伤害预防提供科学依据。方法 2008-2012年贵州省全国疾病监测点居民死因监测数据,用死因网络直报系统、Excel2010、SPSS19软件进行数据统计、分析。结果 2008-2012年5年间贵州省全国疾病监测点居民伤害死亡4 142例,平均死亡率61.39/10万,标化死亡率为51.77/10万,占总死亡的10.14%,居全死因第4位。居民伤害前5位死因依次为交通事故、意外跌落、自杀、溺水和意外中毒,占伤害构成比依次为38.36%、14.61%、13.13%、8.69%、8.11%,合计共占全部伤害死亡的82.91%。伤害死亡占全死因的比例略有下降,从2008年的11.06%到2012年8.89%(χ2=21.87,P<0.001)。0岁组以机械意外窒息为主,占0岁组伤害死亡的67.53%,1~14岁组以溺水为主,占该年龄组伤害死亡的48.65%,15~34岁组和35~59岁组均以交通事故为主,分别占该年龄组伤害死亡的51.03%和43.79%,60岁以上年龄组意外跌落为首位,其次为交通事故,分别占该年龄段伤害死亡的26.66%和23.50%。结论伤害已经对贵州省全国疾病监测点居民生命造成危害,已成为居民主要死亡原因之一,应根据不同伤害特点及年龄特点开展有针对性的防治措施及宣传教育。
Objective To understand the characteristics and trends of residents’ injury death at the national disease surveillance sites in Guizhou Province and provide a scientific basis for their prevention. Methods Data of death causes of residents in the national disease monitoring stations in Guizhou Province from 2008 to 2012 were collected and analyzed with the data of death cause network direct reporting system, Excel2010 and SPSS19. Results In the five years from 2008 to 2012, 4 142 residents died of diseases at the national disease monitoring stations in Guizhou Province, with an average mortality rate of 61.39 / 100 000 and a standardized mortality rate of 51.77 / 100 000, accounting for 10.14% of the total deaths, ranking the fourth in the cause of death Bit. The top 5 causes of death among the residents were traffic accidents, accidental falls, suicide, drowning and accidental poisoning, accounting for 38.36%, 14.61%, 13.13%, 8.69% and 8.11% of the total respectively, accounting for 82.91% %. The proportion of injury fatalities to total deaths decreased slightly from 11.06% in 2008 to 8.89% in 2012 (χ2 = 21.87, P <0.001). 0-year-old group was mainly mechanical accidental asphyxia, accounting for 67.53% of the 0-year-old group, drowning mainly occurred in the age group of 1-14 years old, accounting for 48.65% of the injury death in this age group, 15 to 34 years old group and 35 to 59 years old The accidents were mainly caused by traffic accidents, accounting for 51.03% and 43.79% of the total injuries in this age group. Accidental falls in the age group of over 60 were the highest, followed by traffic accidents, accounting for 26.66% and 23.50% of the injuries and deaths in this age group respectively. . Conclusions Injuries have caused harm to the life of residents at the national disease monitoring sites in Guizhou Province and have become one of the major causes of death among residents. Relevant prevention and control measures and publicity and education should be conducted according to different injury characteristics and age characteristics.