本文综述了采用原核生物或真核生物的基因突变试验 (细菌回复突变试验、哺乳动物细胞正向突变试验 ) ,细胞遗传学检验 (有丝分裂中期染色体结构和数目的改变、有丝分裂后微核的形成、姊妹染色单体交换试验 ) ,碱基突变、DNA加合物、交联、链断裂以及核因子、细胞周期等分子生物学分析方法 ,对二氧化硅、石棉遗传毒性的研究进展 This article reviews gene mutation tests using prokaryotes or eukaryotes (bacterial back-mutation test, positive mammalian cell mutation test), cytogenetic tests (changes in the number and structure of mid-mitotic chromosomes, formation of micronuclei after mitosis, Sister chromatid exchange test), base mutation, DNA adducts, cross-linking, strand breaks and nuclear factor, cell cycle and other molecular biological analysis methods, research progress on the genetic toxicity of silica, asbestos