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目的 分析成都天府新区直管区乡镇卫生院/社区卫生服务中心卫生资源配置情况,为成都天府新区直管区卫生行政部门进一步优化基层医疗机构卫生资源配置提供可靠依据.方法 使用洛伦兹曲线、基尼系数对天府新区直管区2015年乡镇卫生院/社区卫生服务中心卫生资源按人口和地理的公平性进行评价,使用数据包络分析(DEA)对天府新区直管区2015年乡镇卫生院/社区卫生服务中心进行效率分析.结果 天府新区直管区乡镇卫生院/社区卫生服务中心执业(助理)医师、注册护士、床位按人口配置的基尼系数分别是0.05、0.10和0.17,按地理配置的基尼系数分别是0.38、0.42和0.20.产出按2015年基本医疗和基本公共卫生服务总量计算,2所机构卫生资源配置总体DEA有效;按基本医疗服务计算,5所机构的卫生资源配置DEA总体有效;按基本公共卫生服务计算,2所机构卫生资源配置DEA总体有效.结论 成都天府新区直管区乡镇卫生院/社区卫生服务中心卫生资源配置总体比较公平,卫生资源按人口配置优于按地理面积配置;基层医疗机构基本公共卫生服务卫生资源配置效率有待提高.“,”Objective To analyze allocation of health resources in township hospitals/community health service centers in Chengdu Tianfu New Area and provide reference to health administrative departments of districts directly under Chengdu Tianfu New Area for further optimizing allocation of health resources in grassroots medical institutions.Methods Allocation of grassroots health resources in Chengdu Tianfu New Area in 2015 was evaluated using Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient by equity of population and geography,and health service efficiency of township hospitals/community health service centers was evaluated using DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis).Results The Gini coefficients of physicians,nurses and sickbeds based on population distribution were 0.05,0.10 and 0.17 respectively.The Gini coefficients based on geography were 0.38,0.42 and 0.20 respectively.The overall DEA of health resource allocation was valid in two institutions calculated by the total amount of primary medical care and primary public health services,in five calculated by primary medical services and in two calculated by primary public health services.Conclusion Allocation of health resources in township hospitals/community health service centers in districts directly under Chengdu Tianfu New Area is equitable overall;population-based allocation is better than geography-based allocation;allocation efficiency of health resources for public health service in grassroots medical institutions needs to be improved.