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【目的】对新疆环塔里木盆地绿洲带枣麦间作系统的林冠开放度(canopy openness)和叶面积指数(LAI)进行观测研究,结合间作系统内小麦产量的测定,分析不同树龄、不同株行距的枣麦间作系统对小麦产量的影响,为新疆枣农间作模式的优化及合理株行距的选择提供理论依据。【方法】利用鱼眼冠层仪获得新疆若羌县枣麦间作系统中枣树带的林冠影像,得出LAI和林冠开放度指标,并测定间作系统内枣树生长指标和小麦产量。【结果】(1)同一株行距、不同树龄的间作系统,冠幅越小,开放度越大,LAI越小;(2)同一树龄、不同株行距的间作系统,株行距越小,开放度越小,LAI越大;(3)由于间作地枣树保护带宽2.5 m,且小麦距枣树垂直距离为1.25 m,所以测试区间作系统内小麦产量受到枣树影响较小,且开放度的高低并不影响单位面积的小麦产量。【结论】枣麦间作系统是适合新疆环塔里木盆地干旱区大面积推广的枣农间作模式之一。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to observe the canopy openness and leaf area index (LAI) of Zanthoxylum obliquus-Zizyphus intercropping system in the oasis zone of the Central Tarim Basin in Xinjiang. Combining with the determination of wheat yield in the inter-cropping system, the effects of different ages, The effects of Zanthoxylum bungeanum intercropping system on wheat yield could provide the theoretical basis for the optimization of Ziziphusis angustifolia intercropping pattern selection and reasonable row spacing in Xinjiang. 【Method】 The forest canopy images of jujube tree in the system of jujube and wheat in Ruoqiang County of Xinjiang were obtained by using fish-eye canopy instrument. The LAI and canopy openness index were obtained and the jujube tree growth index and wheat yield in intercropping system were determined. 【Result】 (1) The intercropping system with the same row spacing and different tree ages showed that the smaller the crown width and the larger the opening degree, the smaller the LAI. (2) The intercropping system with the same age and different row spacing had the smaller row spacing, The smaller the LAI is, the larger the LAI is. (3) Because the protection bandwidth of jujube tree is 2.5 m and the vertical distance between wheat and jujube tree is 1.25 m, the yield of wheat within the tested area is less affected by jujube tree and the opening degree High and low does not affect the yield per unit area of wheat. 【Conclusion】 The jujube-wheat intercropping system is one of the jujube-intercropping patterns suitable for large-scale popularization of arid areas in the Central Tarim Basin in Xinjiang.