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一、问题的提出 我国铝矿和水能资源都很丰富,是世界上极少几个铝和水电资源兼富的国家之一。铝矿目前探明的储量13.6亿吨,居世界第六位,可能开发的水能资源3.7亿千瓦,居世界的首位。已探明的煤储最7000多亿吨,又是巨大的火电资源。 但我围的铝工业落后,长期以来,发展缓慢,已成为同民经济的短线,在当前我国铝消费很低的情况下(人均0.5公斤,而美国人均26公斤,世界平均人均4公斤),还供不应求,至今国内铝需要量中的1/3左右仍然依靠进口,截止1983年止,已累计进口262万吨,耗费国家外汇23亿美元。为此,国家在加速开发有色金属工业这一重要决策中,制定了优先发展铝工业的基本方针。
I. Proposal of the Problem China’s aluminum and hydropower resources are very rich, and it is one of the few countries in the world with few aluminum and hydropower resources. The current proven reserves of aluminum ore are 1.36 billion tons, ranking sixth in the world. The potential hydropower resources for development are 370 million kilowatts, ranking first in the world. The proven coal reserves total more than 700 billion tons, which is a huge thermal power resource. However, the aluminum industry around me has fallen behind. For a long time, it has developed slowly and has become a short-term for the economy of the same people. In the current situation where China’s aluminum consumption is very low (0.5 kg per capita, 26 kg for the Americans and 4 kg per capita in the world), In addition, supply still falls short of demand. To date, about one-third of China’s aluminum demand still depends on imports. As of 1983, it has accumulatively imported 2.62 million tons, which consumes US$2.3 billion in foreign exchange. To this end, the state has established the basic policy of giving priority to the development of the aluminum industry in the important decision to accelerate the development of the non-ferrous metals industry.