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淫羊藿是国际上多年来重点研究的药用植物。箭叶淫羊藿(Epimedium sagittatum)是淫羊藿属分布最广,也是形态变异最大的物种,箭叶淫羊藿复合群种分类中存在诸多疑点和争议。为了重建淫羊藿属的系统发育,我们利用数码显微摄影技术对10省16个箭叶淫羊藿同质园栽培居群的叶背非腺毛性状进行了比较研究。结果表明,箭叶淫羊藿非腺毛性状的主要特征包括:细胞数、非腺毛长度、是否存在伸长细胞、顶细胞形态及由此导致的顶细胞直径和壁厚差异。不同居群的非腺毛形态和特征存在巨大差异和丰富的多样性,其中顶细胞形状是最重要的特征,并与全长、有无伸长细胞、顶细胞比例、顶细胞直径和壁厚等多个性状密切关联。聚类分析将16个居群划分为两个类型,即梭形组和剑形组。变异式样的分析表明个体间和居群间整体呈现连续变异,丰富的多样性可能是多型种的表现。但形态上的分化往往来源于关键性状特征的强烈选择作用引起的居群间适应性分化,同质园栽培个体和居群间的形态差异暗示着适应性相关性状的遗传分化,居群间的形态差异应为地方适应性的结果,这种差异可能是物种形成的雏形。
Epimedium is a medicinal plant that has been studied for many years in the world. Epimedium sagittatum Epimedium (Epimedium sagittatum) Epimedium is the most widely distributed, but also the largest morphological variation of species, there are many doubts and disputes in the classification of Epimedium sagittatum. In order to reestablish the phylogeny of Epimedium, we compared the leaf dorsal non-glandular trichomes of 16 populations of Epimedium brevicornum in 10 provinces by digital micrography. The results showed that the main characteristics of non-glandular wool epistaxis include the number of cells, the length of non-glandular trichomes, the presence or absence of elongated cells, the morphology of the apical cells, and the differences in the diameters and wall thicknesses of the apical cells. There are great differences and rich diversity in non-glandular hairs morphology and characteristics among different populations. The shape of the top cell is the most important feature and is related to the total length, the presence or absence of the elongated cells, the ratio of the top cells, the diameter of the top cells and the wall thickness Many traits are closely related. Cluster analysis divides 16 populations into two types, spindle group and sword group. The analysis of variation patterns showed that individuals and populations showed continuous variation as a whole, and abundant diversity may be the performance of multiple species. However, the morphological differentiation often stems from the adaptive differentiation among populations caused by the strong selection of key traits. The morphological differences among individuals and populations in homogenous plants imply genetic differentiation of adaptively related traits, Morphological differences should be the result of local adaptability, this difference may be the prototype of species formation.