论文部分内容阅读
为了定量评价森林枯落物的水文功能,通过浸水法和野外观测,调查了东江中上游主要森林植被类型枯落物的蓄积量,分析了枯落物的持水能力与过程。结果表明,枯落物蓄积量介于4.76～12.13t/hm2,表现为针阔混交林>杉木林>阔叶林>马尾松林>杂灌林;不同森林类型的枯落物最大持水量为4.89～18.17t/hm2,最大拦蓄量为3.34～14.39t/hm2,有效拦蓄量为2.60～11.66t/hm2,均表现为杉木林>针阔混交林>阔叶林>杂灌林>马尾松林。枯落物浸水实验表明,枯落物持水率与浸水时间存在对数曲线关系,而枯落物吸水速率与浸泡时间呈反函数关系;不同森林类型枯落物持水率和吸水速率随时间的动态变化规律基本相似。随浸水历时的延长,枯落物持水率呈增加趋势,在浸泡10～12h后,持水率增幅趋于平缓;不同森林类型枯落物吸水速率在前2h内变化最快,之后逐渐变缓,24h时吸水基本停止。
In order to quantitatively evaluate the hydrological function of forest litter, the litter volume of main forest vegetation types in the middle and upper reaches of the Dongjiang River was investigated by soaking method and field observation. The water holding capacity and process of litter were analyzed. The results showed that the stock volume of litter ranged from 4.76 to 12.13 t / hm2, which was mixed coniferous and broadleaf forest> Chinese fir forest> broadleaved forest> masson pine forest> mixed forest; the maximum water holding capacity of litter in different forest types was 4.89 ~ 18.17t / hm2, the maximum amount of interception is 3.34 ~ 14.39t / hm2 and the effective interception capacity is 2.60 ~ 11.66t / hm2, all of which are Chinese fir forest> mixed coniferous and broadleaved forest> The litter water immersion experiments showed that there was a logarithmic curve between the water holding rate of litter and the immersion time, but the water absorption rate of litter was inversely related to the soaking time. The water holding capacity and water absorption rate of litter varied with the time The dynamic changes are basically similar. With the prolongation of immersion time, the water retention of litter showed an increasing trend. After soaking for 10 ~ 12h, the increase of water holding capacity tended to be gentle. The water absorption rate of litter in different forest types changed most rapidly in the first 2h and then gradually changed Slow, basically stop absorbing water 24h.