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该文使用事件相关电位(event-related potentials,ERPs)以词汇判断的实验范式探讨了维吾尔语形态复杂词加工的认知神经机制。实验刺激材料设计了4个因素,分别为单语素词(没有带任何词缀)、单语素假词(真词中替换2个音构成)、屈折词(单语素名词后加格附加成分构成)、屈折假词(假词干真词缀的词)。实验材料的长度严格控制在平均词长为6个字母。脑电实验数据显示,屈折词和屈折假词在350~550ms时间窗口出现比较明显的N400效应。其中屈折假词的N400效应是被试加工假词时词汇搜索失败的标志,但屈折词的N400效应则反映了词汇通达时词干和词缀之间的交互作用。另外还发现单语素词、屈折词和屈折假词这三者的认知神经基础也不同。在大脑右半球屈折词引发的负波平均振幅比左半球要大。结果表明:母语为维吾尔语者的被试在加工维吾尔语屈折词时按其语素分解加工,但是加工维吾尔语单语素词时是整体加工及存储的。
In this paper, event-related potentials (ERPs) are used to explore the cognitive neural mechanism of morphological processing of Uyghur words based on experimental paradigms of lexical judgment. There are four factors in experimental stimuli design, which are single-word prime (without any affix), single-word hyphen (two-tone replacement in real words), inflection words Inflectional words (real words affixed to the words). The length of the experimental material is strictly controlled at an average word length of 6 letters. EEG experimental data show that the inflectional words and inflectional pseudotypes in the 350 ~ 550ms time window appeared more obvious N400 effect. The N400 effect of inflectional pseudocomponents is a sign of the failure of lexical search when subjects try to process them, but the N400 effect of inflected words reflects the interaction between stems and affixes. In addition, it is also found that the cognitive neurological basis of the three monophyletic words, infinitives and inflectional pseudonyms is also different. The average amplitude of the negative waves caused by the inflectional word in the right hemisphere of the brain is greater than that of the left hemisphere. The results show that subjects who are native speakers of Uyghur language are processed according to their morpheme decomposition when processing Uyghur language inflectional words, but when processing Uyghur language single word morphemes, they are processed and stored as a whole.