秸秆还田条件下耕作方式对冬小麦生长发育和产量的影响

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为了研究玉米秸秆还田条件下,不同耕作方式对冬小麦生长发育和产量的影响,本研究以济麦22为材料,于2011~2013年开展了旋耕、翻耕和少耕3种耕作方式田间试验。结果表明,基本苗、冬前最大分蘖数、春季最大分蘖数、有效穗数和成穗率均表现为翻耕显著高于旋耕和少耕,旋耕和少耕间无显著差异。干物质积累越冬期表现为旋耕>少耕>翻耕,各处理间差异显著;返青期表现为旋耕与翻耕间差异不显著,但显著高于少耕;拔节、开花、成熟期均以翻耕最大,其次为旋耕,少耕最小,且各处理间差异显著。翻耕处理能够显著提高有效穗数和穗粒数,从而提高子粒产量;旋耕处理的子粒产量虽低于翻耕处理,但两年的产量均达到了较高的水平。 In order to study the effects of different tillage methods on the growth and yield of winter wheat under the condition of corn stalks returning to the field, this study took Jimai 22 as the material, and carried out three fields of tillage, tillage and tillage in 2011-2013 test. The results showed that the basic seedlings, the maximum number of tillers before winter, the maximum number of tillers in spring, the effective panicle number and the percentage of panicle spike were all significantly higher in tillering than that in tillering and less tillering. There was no significant difference between tillering and tilting. The dry matter accumulations during winter were characterized by tillage> less tillage> tillage with significant differences among the treatments. The turning green stage showed that there was no significant difference between tillage and tillage, but significantly higher than tillage; and that of jointing, flowering and maturity The biggest tillage was tillage, the second tillage was the least tillage, and the difference among treatments was significant. Plowing treatment can significantly increase the effective panicle number and spike grain number, thereby increasing the grain yield; Although the yield of the rotary tillage grain is lower than the plowing, but the two years of production reached a higher level.
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