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目的总结和分析临沂市1956~2006年狂犬病的流行情况,探讨流行回升的因素,分析目前防治过程中存在的问题,提出狂犬病的防治对策。方法结合疫情报告资料和现场流行病学调查资料进行分析。结果上世纪50年代有一个明显的发病高峰,在全国统一开展灭犬活动后,使狂犬病的发病率大幅度下降,1959~1977年几乎没有狂犬病病例的报告,自上世纪70年代后期疫情开始上升,1979年达到了发病的高峰,发病数为149例,之后疫情开始下降;在上世纪80年代后期疫情出现了一个小幅度的上升,自1996~2002年连续6年无狂犬病病例的报告,近年来,疫情处于回升阶段。结论养犬数增加,犬的免疫接种率低,疫苗质量及管理把关不严,伤后处理不及时、不规范,各部门之间缺乏协作等是狂犬病发病率回升的原因,因此加大以上各方面的管理是防治狂犬病的有效措施。
Objective To summarize and analyze the epidemic situation of rabies from 1956 to 2006 in Linyi, discuss the factors of epidemic recovery, analyze the existing problems in prevention and treatment and put forward the countermeasures of rabies prevention and treatment. Methods Combined with epidemic situation information and field epidemiological survey data for analysis. Results In the 1950s, there was an obvious peak of incidence. The incidence of rabies dropped drastically after the unification of dog-killing activities nationwide. There was almost no report of rabies from 1959 to 1977, and the epidemic began to rise since the late 1970s In 1979 reached the peak incidence, the incidence of 149 cases, and then began to decline; in the late 1980s a slight increase in the outbreak since 1996 to 2002 for six consecutive years without rabies cases reported in recent years The epidemic is in a recovery phase. Conclusions Increasing the number of dogs, low vaccination rate of dogs, poor quality control and management of vaccines, improper treatment after injury, lack of coordination and lack of coordination among various departments are the reasons for the rise in the incidence of rabies. Therefore, Aspects of the management of rabies is an effective prevention and treatment measures.