恶性病患者因粒细胞减少所致感染仍为死亡的主要原因,感染病菌常为寄居消化道的需氧革兰氏阴性杆菌。曾采用不同方法来减少严重感染,如口服不吸收广谱抗生素、采用保护性无菌隔离等,但由于费用昂贵及病员能否合作,尚有不足之处。关于取甲氧节氨嘧啶/磺胺甲基异(口恶)唑(简称SMZco)选择性地杀灭肠道需氧杆菌,减少感染发生,各家报导不一,且有可能产生抗药菌株及真菌感染。作者应用前瞻性随机方法,给粒细胞减少病人以SMZco预防性口服观察控制 Malignant patients due to neutropenia caused by infection is still the leading cause of death, often infected with bacteria aeruginosa digestive tract aerobic gram-negative bacilli. Different approaches have been adopted to reduce serious infections such as oral non-absorption of broad-spectrum antibiotics and the use of protective aseptic isolation. However, due to the high cost and the cooperation of patients, there are still some shortcomings. About taking methiopyrimidine / sulfamethoxazole (SMZco) selectively kill enteric bacilli and reduce the incidence of infection, various reports vary, and may produce resistant strains and Fungal infections. The authors applied a prospective randomized trial of SMZco prophylactic oral observation to patients with neutropenia