针对目前国家军用标准(GJB)方法对火炮炮膛轴线偏离射面的偏离角度测量方法中存在的精度低、效率低、工作人员多、结构分散等问题,提出了一种新型火炮偏离角度的测量方法。方法基于三维(3D)激光雷达空间点三维坐标测量原理,采用火炮身管粘贴标准靶球,通过测量标准靶球空间点的球坐标解算出调炮前后两条空间直线方程,并经空间向量投影,转换为在投影面上进行直线方程的求解,进而求得火炮偏离角,并用微分法进行测量精度分析及计算。分析了该方法的原理、测量过程并与现行GJB方法进行比较,实验数据表明使用该方法对火炮偏离角进行测量的效率和精度都有明显提高。 Aiming at the problems such as low accuracy, low efficiency, more staff and structural dispersion in the method of measuring the deviation angle of gun axis from the surface of gun, the current National Military Standard (GJB) method presents a new measurement method of gun deviation angle . Methods Based on the principle of three-dimensional (3D) laser lidar space coordinate measurement, the standard target ball was pasted by gun barrel and the spherical coordinates of the standard target sphere were measured. The linear equations of two spaces before and after the gun were calculated, , Converted to the projection plane to solve the equation of a straight line, and then get the gun off angle, and the differential method of measurement accuracy analysis and calculation. The principle of the method, the measurement process and the comparison with the current GJB method are analyzed. The experimental data show that the efficiency and accuracy of the method for measuring the deviation angle of the gun are obviously improved.