1.根据外形及解剖观察,初步将核桃芽分成雌花芽、雄花芽、叶芽、中間芽及潜芽五种类型。将枝条分为发育枝及結果枝两大类,根据性质将发育枝分成徒长枝、发育枝及雄花枝。根据长度将結果枝分成长果枝、中果枝及短果枝。 2.枝条种类抽生規律与树龄、品种、母枝状况及节位有关。一般表現树龄由幼到老,到更新前发育枝逐年减少,而結果枝逐年增加。在不同母枝粗度与抽枝种类上,凡粗者抽生果枝％高,反之則低。母枝不同节位中1—2节多着生果枝,3—4节多生发育枝,不同品种表現差別很大。 3.1—5年生枝长粗度平均数值变化是随年龄增加而减少,在第一次更新时又出現新的高峰,使长粗度有暫时的增加,但从总的趋势上看,仍是不能恢复年輕时的生活力。 4.雌雄芽着生比例:一般品种表現为1.3:1(最高2.2:1最低0.48:1)。但着生規律与树龄、品种、果枝种类、粗度及管理措施而有不同,但一般雌花芽集中生于頂部1—2节,雄花芽多生于2—10节。 5.核桃以頂芽生长和結果为主,这是其枝条少內膛空的原因,而潜伏芽寿命长、量大、易萌发又是其容易更新的有利条件。同一地区表現100年生以前1—5年生枝枯死多,而百年以后骨干枝开始大量死亡,但这与品种及栽培条件有关。 6.核桃一般以外围树冠着生果枝最多。在各种果枝中以中、短果枝着果为主,长果枝較少。同一母枝上以第1、2座果最多、向下則依次递减,但凡健壮果枝其座果率均高。每果枝上以着生2果者居多,1、3、4者均少。 1. According to the appearance and anatomical observation, the walnut buds are divided into female flower buds, male flower buds, leaf buds, middle buds and pre-buds. The branches are divided into two major categories of developmental branches and branches, according to the nature of the developmental branches into leggy branches, developmental branches and male flowering branches. According to the length of the branches into fruit branches, fruit branches and short branches. 2 branches of the pumping rules and tree age, variety, mother branch status and node related. The general performance of the tree age from young to old, until the development of the developmental branches decreased year by year, while the results of branches increased year by year. On the different thicknesses and types of branches Zhizhi, where the rough pumping fruiting branches% high, otherwise low. 1-2 different nodes in the mother’s branch more fruit branches, 3-4 multi-growth branch, different varieties vary greatly. 3.5-1.5 The average change of the branches’ average thickness decreases with age, and a new peak emerges at the first update, resulting in a temporary increase in the coarseness. However, the overall trend is still Can not restore the vitality of youth. 4. male and female ratio of stamina: the general performance of the species is 1.3: 1 (the highest 2.2: 1 minimum 0.48: 1). However, there are differences in the rules of living with age, variety, fruiting branch type, thickness and management measures. However, the female flower buds are concentrated on the top 1-2 and the male flower buds 2-10 on the average. 5. Walnut to the top of the bud growth and the main result, which is less than the core of its branches empty reason, and latent bud long life, large amount of easy to germination is its easy to update the favorable conditions. In the same area, 1-5 years old branches died before the 100th birth year, but a large number of deaths began to occur after a hundred years, but this was related to variety and cultivation conditions. 6. walnut trees in general with the outer branches of fruiting branches up. In a variety of fruit branches to medium and short fruit branches with fruit, fruit branches less. On the same parent branch, the first and second fruit are the most, while the descending order is decreasing. Each fruit on the branches to students 2 fruit mostly, 1,3,4 were less.