目的　了解近年来福州市婴幼儿细菌性腹泻的病原谱及耐药谱的变迁。方法　用选择性培养基分离细菌及真菌,以全面系统的生化反应、诊断血清、诊断胶乳、显色培养基等鉴定分离菌,以K -B纸片法作药敏试验。结果　1998-2 0 0 3年病原菌总检出率为63 . 1% ,病原性大肠埃希菌检出率为5 .1% ,沙门菌为2 . 4% ,克雷伯菌为2 5 .2 % ,酵母菌为2 2 . 2 % ,枸椽酸杆菌为7 1%。病原性大肠埃希菌及沙门菌耐药率最低者为妥布霉素、丁胺卡那霉素、头孢三嗪、头孢哌酮、头孢噻肟、头孢唑啉。结论　与1996和1997年比较,志贺痢疾杆菌近年未曾检出,条件致病菌克雷伯菌、酵母菌、枸椽酸杆菌的检出率显著升高。病原性大肠埃希菌及沙门菌的抗生素耐药性趋于严重,对利福平、红霉素和青霉素G已10 0 %耐药。 Objective To understand the changes of pathogenic spectrum and drug resistance spectrum of infant diarrhea in Fuzhou in recent years. Methods Bacteria and fungi were isolated by selective culture medium. The biochemical reactions, diagnosis serum, diagnostic latex and chromogenic medium were used to identify the isolates. K-B disk method was used for drug sensitivity test. Results The total detection rate of pathogenic bacteria was 63.1% from 1998 to 2003, the detection rate of pathogenic Escherichia coli was 5.1%, that of Salmonella was 2.4%, and that of Klebsiella was 25. 2%, yeast was 22.2%, Citrobacter 7 1%. Pathogenic Escherichia coli and Salmonella resistance rates of tobramycin, amikacin, ceftriaxone, cefoperazone, cefotaxime, cefazolin. Conclusion Compared with 1996 and 1997, shigella dysenteriae has not been detected in recent years, and the detection rate of the pathogenic bacteria Klebsiella, yeast and citric acid bacteria is significantly increased. Pathogenic Escherichia coli and Salmonella antibiotic resistance tends to be serious, rifampin, erythromycin and penicillin G has 10% resistant.