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通过传统的方法,制备了两种对水和空气稳定的四烷基膦类离子液体。离子液体是:己基三丁基膦四氟化硼和己基三丁基膦双三氟甲基磺酸亚胺。在T=283.15-353.15 K温度范围内,测定了两个离子液体的密度、动力粘度及电导率。讨论了温度、阴离子结构对离子液体的性质的影响。结合文献报道的其它离子液体,讨论了该类离子液体性质随阳离子结构的变化规律,并与咪唑类离子液体的性质进行了比较。通过经验方程,利用密度数据计算了两个离子液体的重要热力学性质参数,例如:分子体积、标准摩尔熵及晶格能等。并将估算性质与传统的咪唑、吡啶类离子液体进行了对比。通过密度和电导率确定了离子液体的摩尔电导率。讨论了Vogel-Fulcher-Tamman(VFT)方程和Arrhenius方程对于粘度和电导率拟合的可行性,并估算了电导活化能及流动活化能。通过Walden规则,描述了密度、粘度及电导率之间的联系。有关研究对新型离子液体的合成及其工业化的应用具有十分重要意义。
By conventional methods, two water and air stable tetraalkylphosphine ionic liquids were prepared. The ionic liquids are: hexyltributylphosphine boron tetrafluoride and hexyltributylphosphine bistrifluoromethane sulfonic acid imine. The density, kinetic viscosity and conductivity of the two ionic liquids were measured over the temperature range of T = 283.15-353.15 K. The effects of temperature and anionic structure on the properties of ionic liquids are discussed. In combination with other ionic liquids reported in the literature, the properties of these ionic liquids with cationic structures were discussed and compared with those of imidazolium ionic liquids. The empirical thermodynamics parameters of two ionic liquids, such as molecular volume, standard molar entropy, and lattice energy, were calculated using empirical data using density data. The estimated properties were compared with the traditional imidazole and pyridine ionic liquids. The ionic conductivity of the ionic liquid is determined by its density and conductivity. The feasibility of the Vogel-Fulcher-Tamman (VFT) and Arrhenius equations for viscosity and conductivity fitting is discussed, and the conductance activation energy and flow activation energy are also evaluated. The Walden rule describes the relationship between density, viscosity and conductivity. The research on the synthesis of new ionic liquids and their industrial application is of great significance.