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王国维生前编定的词集先后有五种:《人间词甲稿》、《人间词乙稿》、《人间词》、《履霜词》、《观堂集林》本《长短句》。除了抄本《人间词》与《履霜词》外,其他三种词集在王国维生前都曾公开发表。此后王国维词的接受便以这三种词集为主要对象。抄本《人间词》与《履霜词》因为一直入藏国家图书馆而基本被忽略在学术视野之外。王国维前期的填词创作、撰述词话大体属于自娱遣兴、聊寄哲思,仅在少数友朋间产生一定的影响,而抄本《人间词》则因为朱祖谋的揄扬和吴昌绶的鼓励,而带有与当时主流词学界交流的愿望。吴昌绶的删选、批点更在一定程度上彰显了抄本《人间词》的美学意义。而抄本《履霜词》乃是编选于张勋复辟失败之后,王国维在沉闷绝望之际,因沈曾植所请编选,带有强烈的政治讽世意味。两种抄本,或集中流露其哲理之思,或有意彰显其政治寓意,分别代表了王国维不同时期的思想特征,因而值得充分重视。
There are five kinds of words set in the Kingdom before his death: “Manuscript of Human Words”, “Manuscripts of Manuscripts”, “Human Words”, “Footbrush” and “Guan Tong Ji Lin”. Except for transcripts of “Human Words” and “Footprint Words,” the other three words were published in the lifetime of the kingdom. Since then, Wang Guowei’s acceptance of these three words will be the main target. Transcripts “Human Words” and “Shuxing Ci” have been basically ignored in the academic field of vision because they have been admitted to the National Library. Wang Guowei’s pre-lyrics creation, writing words generally fall into self-reliance, talk to philosophy, only a small number of friends and relatives have a certain impact, and the transcript of “human words” because of Zhu Zu Mou Yang and Wu Changshou encouragement, and With a desire to communicate with the prevailing academic circles at that time. The deletion and selection of Wu Changshou demonstrated the aesthetic significance of transcript “Human Ci” to a certain extent. The transcript of “Climbing Frost” was compiled from the failure of Zhang Xun’s restoration. When Wang Guowei was dull and desperate, he asked for editing by Shen Zengzhi with a strong sense of political satire. Two kinds of transcripts, or concentrated on their philosophical thinking, or deliberately demonstrate their political meaning, respectively, represent the different periods of Wang Guowei ideological features, and therefore deserve full attention.