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赫坎按蚊种团(Anopheles hyrcanus group)广泛分布于古北界和东洋界,目前世界上已报道的赫坎按蚊种团,具有有效学名的为25种。其中一些蚊种被确定为是传播疟疾、淋巴丝虫病和乙型脑炎的重要媒介。然而从形态学角度很难区分赫坎按蚊种团蚊种,随着如杂交实验、染色体核型分析和分子系统进化等生物学技术的应用,该种团的分类格局发生了许多变更。本文罗列了赫坎按蚊种团的最新名录,增加了21世纪新发现的比伦按蚊(Anopheles belenrae)、克莱按蚊(An.kleini)、许氏按蚊(An.xui)和伊朗未定种(An.hyrcanus spIR);将筠连按蚊(An.junlianensis)、八代按蚊(An.yatsushiroensis)和昆明按蚊(An.kunmingensis)作为同物异名归并;对暂时保留的赫坎按蚊(An.hyrcanus)/伪色按蚊(An.pseudopictus)、雷氏按蚊(An.lesteri)/巴拉按蚊(An.paraliae)、克莱按蚊/恩加罗按蚊(An.engarensis)的亲缘关系进行了探讨,为赫坎按蚊种团内各蚊种提供明朗的分类地位基础。
The Anopheles hyrcanus group is widely distributed in the paleo-northern and eastern seas. At present, 25 species of Anopheles hyrcanus have been reported in the world. Some of these mosquitoes have been identified as important vectors for the transmission of malaria, lymphatic filariasis and Japanese encephalitis. However, it is difficult to distinguish H. mosquito species from the perspective of morphology. With the application of biological techniques such as hybridization experiments, chromosome karyotyping and molecular phylogeny, many changes have been made to the classification of this species. The current list of Anchorage species in Hercán is listed in this article with the addition of Anopheles belenrae, An.kleini, An.xui, and newly discovered species from Iran in the 21st century An.hyrcanus spIR; An.junlianensis, An.yatsushiroensis and An.kunmingensis were merged as synonymous; An.hyrcanus / An.pseudopictus, An.lesteri / An.paraliae, An. Klebsiella / Ancontinental An .engarensis) were studied to provide a clear taxonomic basis for the mosquito species in the mosquitoes of Herkan.