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目的分析精神科病房常见的院内感染状况,并提出相应的护理策略。方法选取医院精神科病房收治的患者2 456例的病历资料,统计患者的临床资料、住院天数等资料,对比分析感染患者病历资料。结果发生院内感染者88例,其感染率为3.58%;年龄>60岁患者院内感染率,高于年龄<30岁、年龄30~60岁患者;在封闭式病区患者院内感染率高于开放式病区;住院时间≥3个月的患者院内感染率,高于住院时间<3个月的患者(P<0.05);精神科病房医院感染患者88例,发生呼吸道的感染率最高为59.09%(52/88)。精神科院内感染在全年的2月份、3月份、4月份、10月份、11月份的感染率均较高,感染率明显高于其他月份。88例院内感染患者中病原菌128株,革兰阳性菌58株(45.31%),革兰阴性菌70株(54.69%)。结论精神科病房内医院感染危险因素较多,需根据院内感染发生原因给予防控策略,有利于降低医院感染率。
Objective To analyze the common nosocomial infections in psychiatric wards and to propose corresponding nursing strategies. Methods A total of 2 456 cases of medical records were collected from hospital psychiatric wards, and the clinical data, hospitalization days and other data of patients were statistically analyzed, and the medical records of infected patients were compared. Results Infection occurred in 88 cases and the infection rate was 3.58%. The nosocomial infection rate in patients aged> 60 years was higher than that in patients <30 years old and 30-60 years old. The nosocomial infection rate in patients with closed disease was higher than that in open (P0.05) .In 88 cases of nosocomial infection in psychiatric wards, the highest infection rate of respiratory tract was 59.09% (52/88). Psychiatric hospital infection in February throughout the year, March, April, October and November were higher infection rates, the infection rate was significantly higher than the other months. There were 128 pathogens, 58 (45.31%) Gram-positive bacteria and 70 (54.69%) Gram-negative bacteria in 88 cases of nosocomial infection. Conclusion There are many risk factors of nosocomial infection in psychiatric ward, and the prevention and control strategies should be given according to the causes of nosocomial infection, which is beneficial to reduce the nosocomial infection rate.