大多数地震解释工作仍然是以迭加剖面而不是以偏移剖面为基础的。在断裂严重和各地层之间速度的差异非常明显的情况下,如何解释偏移界面仍是一个问题。其体地说: ——在深处,按偏移的形式去假设解释许多界面和非均匀速度场,则不可能有一个似乎合理的解决。——在大多数情况下,断层面、盐丘边界等,在剖面上无法直接解释,而是以界面端点,凭直观来作图的。——在大多数情况下,断裂带的速度场是很难确定的。通过各种假定的速度,反复作偏移处理和反复进行各种可能的解释,解释员可能作出似乎合理的解决。本文的主题是一种以射线理论为基础的算法: ——它能恰当地处理断层上速度的变化。——它能分成若干步骤去作偏移。先在一个地质单元上作,取得效果后,即转到下一个地质单元。——当需要时,它可以显示射线路径,以便研究界面变形,例如,断裂带下面界面的变形。这种算法是为了在人机联作环境中应用而设计和实现的。中间和最终成果的检查、界面变形的研究和修改都是在图象屏幕上进行的。这样,在很短的时间内,就可以对各种可能的解释和速度估计进行研究了。在偏移剖面上解释的界面可能被过度偏移,其原因是在大多数剖面偏移程序中忽视了折射的影响。在“图象射线”模式中使用上述算法,过度地偏移也有可能得到校正。 Most seismic interpretation work is still based on superimposed profiles rather than offset profiles. How to interpret the offset interface is still a problem in the case of severe faults and significant differences in velocities between the various layers. It states: “At the depths it is impossible to have a plausible solution to the assumption that many interfaces and non-uniform velocity fields are assumed to be offset in the form of offsets. - In most cases, fault planes, salt dome boundaries, etc., can not be directly explained in the section, but rather are visually represented by the end points of the interface. - In most cases, the velocity field of the fault zone is difficult to determine. Through various hypothetical speeds, repeated offsets and repeated explanations, the interpreter may make a plausible solution. The subject of this article is a ray-based algorithm: - It handles the changes in velocity over the fault properly. - It can be divided into several steps to make the offset. First in a geological unit, made the effect, that is, to the next geological unit. - When needed, it can display ray paths in order to study interface deformations, such as deformation of the interface below the fracture zone. This algorithm is designed and implemented for use in man-machine interaction environments. Intermediate and final results of the inspection, the interface deformation research and modification are carried out on the image screen. In this way, a variety of possible explanations and speed estimates can be studied in a very short period of time. The interface explained on the offset profile may be over-offset because the effect of refraction is neglected in most profile-offset programs. Using the above algorithm in the ”image-ray" mode, it is possible to correct for excessive shifts.