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瑞典卡罗林斯卡医学院将2000年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予瑞典科学家阿尔维德·卡尔松、美国科学家保罗·格林加德及埃里克·坎德尔,以表彰他们在“人类脑神经细胞间信号的相互传递”方面获得的重要发现。人的大脑中有上千亿个神经细胞,神经细胞间的信息传递,通过不同的化学传送物质来完成。信号转导主要发生在被称为突触的特殊部位。三位科学家正是因在神经细胞间特殊的信号转导形式——慢突触传递上所作的开创性工作,而荣获本年度的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。三位科学家将分享总额为900万瑞典克朗(约合100万美元)的奖金。卡罗林斯卡医学院在新闻公报中评价说,他们的发现对“理解大脑的正常功能,以及信号转导中的紊乱会如何引发神经或精神疾病至关重要”。借助于三位科学家的发现,人们已经成功地研制出一些新药。阿尔维德·卡尔松1923年
The Karolinska Institute in Sweden awarded the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to Swedish scientist Arvind Karlsson, American scientists Paul Greeninger and Eric Kandel in recognition of their “ An important discovery gained in the mutual transmission of signals between cranial nerve cells. Hundreds of billions of nerve cells in the human brain, the transmission of information between nerve cells, through different chemical delivery substances to complete. Signal transduction occurs mainly in special parts called synapses. The three scientists were awarded this year’s Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their groundbreaking work on slow synaptic transmission, a special form of signal transduction between nerve cells. The three scientists will share a total of 9 million Swedish kronor (about 100 million US dollars) bonus. Karolinska Institute in the press commented that their findings ”are crucial to understanding the normal function of the brain and how disturbances in signal transduction can trigger neurological or mental illness." With the discovery of three scientists, people have successfully developed some new drugs. Arvid Karlsson 1923