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关于疾病的变移,在临床各科特别是在感染性疾病领域里已受到重视,感染性疾病的变移与预防学、诊断学、治疗学(特别是化学疗法)的进步有密切关系。在日本尚受经济发展、社会环境的变化及高龄人口增加等因素的影响。随着医学技术的发展,天花、脊髓灰质炎已被消灭,肠伤寒、结核病、风湿热等锐减。病毒性肝炎、曲杆菌肠炎、疱疹病毒、衣原体、革兰氏阴性菌、真菌及原虫等的感染却有增加趋势。近年来免疫损伤宿主(immunocompromisedhost)感染性疾病日益受到重视。该病的病因极为广泛,从病毒到原虫均可成为该病的病原体。此外,最近5～6年又出现了一些新型感染,如成人T细胞白血病,中毒性休克综合征,获得性免疫缺欠综合征(AIDS)等疾病的继发感染。本文仅就当前受到重视的几个疾病介绍一下有关情况。
In the field of infectious diseases, attention has been paid to the shift of diseases, and the shift of infectious diseases is closely related to the advancement of preventive medicine, diagnostics and therapeutics (especially chemotherapy). In Japan, it is still affected by such factors as economic development, changes in the social environment and the increase of the elderly population. With the development of medical technology, smallpox, poliomyelitis have been eliminated, typhus, tuberculosis, rheumatic fever and other sharp reduction. Infection with viral hepatitis, Helicobacter enteritis, herpes virus, chlamydia, gram-negative bacteria, fungi and protozoa is on the rise. In recent years, immunocompromised host infectious diseases are gaining more and more attention. The etiology of the disease is extremely wide ranging from viruses to protozoa that can become pathogens of the disease. In addition, there have been some new infections in the recent 5-6 years, such as secondary infection of adult T-cell leukemia, toxic shock syndrome, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and other diseases. This article only on the current attention to several diseases about the situation.