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1559年伊丽莎白一世女王上台执政后,采取了妥协的宗教政策,建构了暂时稳定的宗教格局。伊丽莎白一世的宗教政策实质上是新教与天主教两大阵营权力斗争的结果。它确立了“王权至尊”的权力结构,加快了宗教世俗化进程,强化了中央行政机构,巩固了议会在国家政治生活中的地位,从而促进了英国现代国家的形成。王权过度介入宗教事务激起了英格兰宗教界对世俗政治的不满。宗教领域内的冲突最终导致了国家政制的结构性危机。
After the Queen Elizabeth I came to power in 1559, he adopted a compromise religious policy and constructed a temporarily stable religious pattern. Elizabeth I’s religious policy was essentially the result of a power struggle between Protestant and Catholic camps. It established the power structure of “sovereignty”, accelerated the process of religious secularization, strengthened the central administrative structure and consolidated the parliamentary position in the political life of the country, thereby promoting the formation of the modern British nation. The excessive involvement of monarchy in religious affairs has aroused the dissatisfaction of secular politics in England’s religious circles. Conflicts in the religious arena eventually led to a structural crisis in state constitution.