围术期中降压药的选择常规方法首先用降压利尿剂,第二阶段再用β-阻滞剂,甲基多巴或利血平与利尿剂合用。第三阶段再加用肼苯哒嗪。可是最近对于Ca~(2+)拮抗剂,血管紧张素Ⅱ转换酶抑制剂等的应用有所增加。然而最佳方法是在充分了解病情和降压药的药理作用基础上选择用药。例如脑血管障碍者选用血管扩张药,禁用利血平,并注意用药后发生体位性低血压。缺血性心脏病者可选用β-阻滞剂,禁用肼苯哒嗪。心功能不全者可选用降压利尿药。肾脏损害可 Perioperative choice of antihypertensive drugs Conventional methods first use of antihypertensive diuretic, the second phase and then β-blockers, methyldopa or reserpine and diuretics combined. The third phase coupled with hydralazine. Recently, however, there has been an increase in the use of Ca2 + antagonists, angiotensin II converting enzyme inhibitors and the like. However, the best way is to choose the medication on the basis of a full understanding of the disease and the pharmacological effects of antihypertensive drugs. For example, the use of vasodilators in patients with cerebrovascular disease to disable reserpine, and pay attention to the occurrence of postoperative orthostatic hypotension. Ischemic heart disease can choose β-blockers, disable hydralazine. Heart failure may choose antihypertensive diuretics. Kidney damage can be